Aaradhya Balaji Kidney Care – Kidney Specialist In Nagpur, Nephrologist, Kidney Transplant, Dialysis & Stone Specialist

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Hypertension

Hypertension is a chronic medical condition where the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently too high. It’s often called a “silent killer” because it may not show symptoms for years but can cause serious health issues.

Types

  • Primary (Essential) Hypertension: Develops over time without a specific cause.
  • Secondary Hypertension: Caused by an underlying condition (e.g., kidney disease, hormonal disorders).

Hypertension Treatment

1. Lifestyle Modifications

These are the first steps and are essential even if medications are required:

  • Healthy Diet:
    • Follow the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet: high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy, and low in saturated fats and sodium.
  • Reduce Salt Intake: Aim for less than 2,300 mg per day (preferably 1,500 mg).
  • Regular Exercise: At least 30 minutes of moderate aerobic activity most days of the week (e.g., walking, cycling).
  • Weight Management: Maintain a healthy BMI (Body Mass Index).
  • Limit Alcohol and Quit Smoking: Reduce alcohol consumption and avoid tobacco.
  • Stress Management: Practice yoga, meditation, or other relaxation techniques.

2. Medications

If lifestyle changes are insufficient, doctors may prescribe one or more of the following:

  • Diuretics: Help the kidneys remove excess salt and water (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide).
  • ACE Inhibitors: Relax blood vessels (e.g., enalapril, lisinopril).
  • ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers): Similar to ACE inhibitors but with fewer side effects (e.g., losartan).
  • Calcium Channel Blockers: Relax blood vessel walls and reduce heart rate (e.g., amlodipine).
  • Beta-Blockers: Slow the heart rate and reduce blood pressure (e.g., metoprolol).
  • Others: Renin inhibitors or alpha-blockers as needed.

Prevention and Management

  1. Lifestyle Changes:
    • Healthy diet (low salt, high fruits/vegetables).
    • Regular physical activity.
    • Stress management (e.g., yoga, meditation).
  2. Medication: Prescribed by a doctor, if necessary.

Would you like detailed guidance on management or treatment options?

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